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--- software:firmwareos:zsos:start [2016/03/23 13:23] – Initial import from Wayback Machine
+++ software:firmwareos:zsos:start [2026/06/15 13:27] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 /* Imported from Wayback Machine
-   Original URL : https://www.retrobrewcomputers.org/doku.php?id=software:firmwareos:zsos:start
+   Original URL : https://retrobrewcomputers.org/doku.php?id=software:firmwareos:zsos:start
-   Snapshot date: 2016-03-23
+   Snapshot date: 2025-10-15
    Generator    : wayback-archiver
 */
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 ===== Overview =====
-ZSOS (Z80 SBC OS) is a CP/M 3 distribution with a BIOS customized for the S100Computers.com Z80 Single Board Computer. John Monahan of the S100Computers.com website designed this board in late 2015 as a “starter board” for new users to “bootstrap” a new S-100 system from scratch. The S-100 Z80 SBC contains a Z80 CPU, ROM, RAM, an interface for an IDE drive or IDE→CF adapter, and a USB-based terminal. Typically in the past, these functions would have required a set of 3 S-100 boards - the Z80 CPU (w ROM socket), a RAM card, and a Serial I/O card.
+ZSOS (Z80 SBC OS) is a CP/M 3 distribution for the S100Computers.com Z80 Single Board Computer. John Monahan of the S100Computers.com website designed this board as a “starter board” for new users to “bootstrap” an S-100 system from scratch. The S-100 Z80 SBC contains a Z80 CPU, ROM, RAM, an interface for an IDE drive or IDE→CF adapter, and a USB-based serial connection. Typically in the past, these functions would have required a set of 4 S-100 boards - the Z80 CPU (w ROM socket), a RAM card, a CF/IDE storage card, and a Serial I/O card.
 **For a complete description of the board including build instructions** visit the [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/SBC%20Z80%20Board/SBC%20Z80%20CPU%20Board.htm|S100Computers.com Z80 SBC Page]].
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 ===== Credits =====
-These images are based on John Monahan's original CP/M 3 BIOS for the S100Computers Z80 CPU & IDE boards, with the addition of contributions by David Fry for the LBA addressing code, Dave Mehaffy (aka yoda) for details of image creation, and testing by the members of the S100Computers Google Group.
+These images are based on John Monahan's original CP/M 3 BIOS for the S100Computers Z80 CPU & IDE boards, with the addition of contributions by David Fry for the LBA addressing code & CF compatibility improvements, Dave Mehaffy (aka yoda) for details of image creation, and testing by the members of the S100Computers Google Group.
 ===== Downloads =====
-==== Latest/Current Version ====
+==== ZSOS Distribution ====
-**[[https://www.retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos-0.11-11mar2016.zip|ZSOS v0.11 (11-MAR-2016)]]**
+=== Latest/Current Version ===
-Non-banked CP/M 3
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos-0.30.zip|ZSOS v0.30 (28-MAY-2018)]]
-K Transient Program Area **//(updated!)//**
+Choice of 2 images files:
+Non-banked CP/M 3 w/43K Transient Program Area
+Banked CP/M 3 w/53K Transient Program Area
 Includes support for a single drive on the CF card (A:)
@@ Line 33: / Line 37: @@
 User Area 0: CP/M 3 Base Files
-User Area 1: <Reserved for future S100Computers board utilities folder>
+User Area 1: XMODEM + Kermit + MBASIC 5.29
 User Area 2: SuperSoft Utilities
@@ Line 41: / Line 45: @@
 User Area 4: BDS Tiny C
-User Area 5: Games **//(new!)//**
+User Area 5: Games
-User Area 6: Turbo Pascal 3.0 **//(new!)//**
+User Area 6: Turbo Pascal 3.0
-User Area 7: Development Utilities //updated!//
+User Area 7: Development Utilities
-User Area 8: <Available for additional user files> **//(updated!)//**
+User Area 8: <Available for additional user files>
-User Area 9: <Available for additional user files> **//(updated!)//**
+User Area 9: <Available for additional user files>
-**//Additional Changes//**
+Latest Windows cpmtools included in the .zip, along with Windows batch file and linux script to load User Areas 8 & 9
-CPM3.SYS set to Read Only/System
+Additional Changes
-CP/M 3 Base Files in User Area 0 set to System
+Improved CF card compatibiliy. Thanks to David Fry for the debugging work to make this happen.
-Console Character I/O Routines (CHARIO3.ASM) updated to output all ASCII characters to the DLP USB Device. This fixes VT100 programs.
+CP/M I/O devices respect the IOBYTE switches on the Z80 SBC at boot, and can be remapped on the fly after boot.
+Added SWEEP.EXE to User Area 0
+Removed some files from User Area 0 that only worked under SIMH
 Latest Windows cpmtools included in the .zip, along with batch files and linux script to load User Areas 8 & 9
-==== Old Versions ====
+=== Old Versions ===
-[[https://www.retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos-0.10-02feb2016.zip|ZSOS v0.10 (02-FEB-2016)]]
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos-0.11-11mar2016.zip|ZSOS v0.11 (11-MAR-2016)]]\\
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos-0.10-02feb2016.zip|ZSOS v0.10 (02-FEB-2016)]]
-===== Writing to a CF Card =====
+==== Source Code & Development Environment ====
-Extract the contents of the .zip to a new directory/folder. Write the 'zsos-0.10-02feb2016-base.img' file to a CF card - or alternately follow the instructions below to create an image with additional user files.
+{{[[lib:images:smileys:fixme.gif|FIXME}}]]
-Windows: [[http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/|Win32DiskImager]] is the recommended way to write the image to a CompactFlast Card in Windows
+The ZSOS .zip file includes copies of all files that were modified from John M's original CP/M 3 files. For a description of the tools used to create these image files (without even having access to the Z80 SBC hardware!) see the [[software:firmwareos:zsos:devenv|ZSOS Development Environment page]] (Under Construction)
-Linux: The Linux ''%%dd%%'' command is the recommended way to write an image to a cf card in linux.
+{{[[lib:images:smileys:fixme.gif|FIXME}}]]
-===== Booting =====
+===== Setting Up ZSOS on the S100Computers Z80 SBC =====
-ZSOS is setup to be used with the DLP USB adapter on the Z80 SBC board, with the IOBYTE DIP switches set such that the Monitor ROM output goes to the USB device. Insert the CF card in your IDE→CF adapter, and press 'P' at the Monitor prompt to boot CP/M.
+==== Overview ====
+This writeup covers the installation initial bring-up of the ZSOS CP/M 3 distribution on the [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/SBC%20Z80%20Board/SBC%20Z80%20CPU%20Board.htm|S100Computers.com Z80 SBC]]. Please read through this carefully, many common questions/pitfalls are addressed.
+The instructions below assume the following:
+The builder has completed the steps outlined on the [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/SBC%20Z80%20Board/SBC%20Z80%20CPU%20Board.htm|board build page]].
+The board booting and is operating properly with the SBC Monitor input/output working on the console device that the builder intends to use prior to trying to run ZSOS.
+The builder plans to operate SBC using the onboard RAM and ROM chips (configuration of jumpers for other RAM/ROM boards is outside the scope of this document).
+The only boards in the S-100 bus are the Z80 SBC and //optionally// the [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/Console%20IO%20Board/Console%20IO%20Board.htm|Propeller Console Board]]
+It is recommended that the user start with the 'nonbanked' ZSOS image which is somewhat simpler in internal operation than the 'banked' image. The jumper configuration shown below is valid for either image.
+==== SBCMON Monitor ROM Version ====
+**For use with ZSOS v0.30 and higher, the Z80 SBC should be configured with the SBCMON Monitor ROM version 2.3 or higher.** Updates were made in SBCMON 2.3 to allow the banked version of ZSOS to boot reliably and to improve CF card compatibility. SBCMON can be found on the [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/SBC%20Z80%20Board/SBC%20Z80%20CPU%20Board.htm|S100Computers Z80 SBC page]].
+==== CompactFlash Card Adapter Configuration/Installation ====
+The recommended CompactFlash (CF) → IDE adapter is the [[http://www.sybausa.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=612|SYBA IDE to CF Adapter, Direct Insertion, part number SD-CF-IDE-DI.]] It can be purchased from [[https://www.amazon.com/Syba-SD-CF-IDE-Connects-3-5-Inch-Interface/dp/B000YUMLPI|Amazon]], eBay, and other sellers.
+Jumper JP3 on the adapter should be set to the '2-3' position to allow the adapter to be powered from Pin 20 of the IDE connector, as shown in the photo below.
+==== Compact Flash Card Selection & Write Testing ====
+Updates included in the most recent versions of the SBC Monitor ROM & ZSOS have greatly improved CF card **read** compatibility with the Z80 SBC. However some CF cards may still have problems with **writes**. Following a successful boot of ZSOS, the following command can be run at the CP/M A> prompt to verify writes are working:\\
+''%%PIP A:[VG10]=A:*.*[G1]%%''\\
+The expected output should be a list of files copied, and then a return to the A> prompt with no errors. The copied files can then be deleted using the following commands:\\
+''%%USER 10%%''\\
+''%%ERASE *.*%%''\\
+''%%USER 0%%''
+==== Board Configuration ====
+Click on the image below for an ultra-high resolution photo of the board. White jumpers have been installed to make the jumper configurations across the board clearly visible.
+[[https://www.retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:z80_sbc_w_jumpers.jpg|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:z80_sbc_w_jumpers.jpg?600|z80_sbc_w_jumpers.jpg}}]]
+=== IDE Pin 20 Power ===
+If using the recommended SYBA SD-CF-IDE-DI adapter, Jumper P104 can be installed on the Z80 SBC to send power to the adapter via IDE Pin 20. See photo below.
+**If using a different CF→IDE adapter than the recommended part, the user //must// confirm that the adapter can accept power over IDE Pin 20 and pass it to the CF card prior to installing this jumper. Accidental connection of this optional power signal to ground through an adapter that grounded IDE Pin 20 could result in damage to the user's S-100 hardware!**
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:p104_ide_power.jpg|p104_ide_power.jpg}}
+=== Recommended Wait State Configurations ===
+There are various speeds of Z80 CPU and 8255 parallel port interface chip available. The following table shows recommended I/O wait state configurations for maximum CF card compatibility. While developing ZSOS 0.30, 1 wait state was needed to achieve stable operation with an 8 MHz Z80 and a 5 MHz 8255.
+The data in the table below is based on an extensive set of tests conducted with 3 different CF cards, 4 MHz and 8 MHz CPU oscillators, and 5 MHz and 8 MHz 8255 chips. However, chip to chip and system-to-system verification may still impact timings and these numbers should only be considered as a starting point.
+^Z80 Clock Speed (U46)^8255 Rated Speed^# of I/O Wait States^Tested?^
+|4 MHz                |5 MHz           |0                   |Yes    |
+|4 MHz                |8 MHz           |0                   |Yes    |
+|8 MHz                |5 MHz           |**1**               |Yes    |
+|8 MHz                |8 MHz           |0                   |Yes    |
+**Note:** Operation of the Z80 SBC at 10 MHz was **not successful** during ZSOS development - the ROM Monitor would not come up, even with multiple combinations of RAM, I/O, and ROM wait states tested. This is consistent with John M's comments in the 'Running the Board at 8MHz' section of his [[http://www.s100computers.com/My%20System%20Pages/SBC%20Z80%20Board/SBC%20Z80%20CPU%20Board.htm|write-up at S100Computers.com]] that 10 MHz operation is unreliable.
+Jumper configuration for 0 I/O wait states:
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:0_io_wait_states.jpg|0_io_wait_states.jpg}}
+Jumper configuration for 1 I/O wait state:
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:1_io_wait_state.jpg|1_io_wait_state.jpg}}
+=== IOBYTE DIP Switchs ===
+The configuration of the IOBYTE DIP switches is often a point of confusion for users of this board. The bits which are controlled by the DIP switches are attached to 'pull-up' resistor, and the switches connect to ground. So an open/off switch produces a '1' bit in the IOBYTE, and a closed/on switch produces a '0' bit in the IOBYTE.
+The short explanation is:
+Bits are numbered from the right side (0) to the left (7). The left 2 DIP switches are not connected to anything, those bits are used instead as the status bits for the DLP USB→Serial adapter.
+Only bits 5, 1, and 0 are currently in use by SBC Monitor (2.3) and ZSOS (0.30).
+The default configuration set by the pull-up resistors (all DIP switches open/off/'1') uses the Propeller Console Board as the console.
+Setting Bit 5 to closed/on/'0' 'enables' Bit 1 and Bit 0
+Setting Bit 0 to closed/on/'0' re-directs console to the DLP USB→Serial adapter
+Setting Bit 1 to closed/on/'0' re-directs console to the DLP USB→Serial adapter
+The photos below illustrate the switch numbering and some possible combinations.
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:iobyte_dip_numbering.png}}
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:iobyte_bit5_open_.png}}
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:iobyte_bit5_closed_1.png}}
+{{https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:iobyte_bit5_closed_2.png}}
+The operation of the DIP switches is different between the SBC Monitor ROM and ZSOS. The SBC Monitor always respects the DIP switch positions. ZSOS reads the DIP switches during boot and sets an initial mapping of BIOS routines for the separate physical ''%%USBSER:%%'' and ''%%PRPCON:%%'' devices to the logical ''%%CON:%%'' CP/M 3 console. The CP/M 3 DEVICE utility can be used to remap the console input and output between devices from the CP/M 3 prompt - for example it is possible to boot with the SBC Monitor and initial ZSOS prompt on the DLP USB→Serial device, then run DEVICE and re-map to the Propeller Console board on the fly without rebooting. This is an example of the flexibility of CP/M 3 which allows for many physical character I/O devices to be defined and re-mapped to the logical devices by the user from the command prompt. Note that any remapping done with the DEVICE utility is lost on the next reboot.
+==== CompactFlash Card Preparation ====
+Click on the thumbnails below to see screenshots of this process.
+Download the latest ZSOS image from the main ZSOS wiki page.
+Unzip the zip file.
+Insert CF card into a USB card reader and attach to modern computer's USB port
+Download the 'Etcher' software from https://etcher.io/. This is a cross-platform software for writing images to flash media such as CF, SD, etc. It limits the devices that it will flash to to removable devices to avoid accidentally overwriting operating system drives, etc.
+Run the Etcher software (note - Etcher often takes a few seconds to load and appear even on fast PCs.)
+Select the image to be written, either the 'banked' or 'unbanked' .img file.
+An error message will appear that this does not appear to be a bootable image. Etcher does not know about the format of this CP/M image, so click 'Continue'.
+'Change'/select the drive to be written to with green check marks
+Click the 'Flash!' button
+After the flash is completed, a screen will be displayed showing that it was successful.
+After flashing is complete, close 'Etcher' software
+Eject/unmount USB drive and remove CF card
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_select_image.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_select_image.png?200|Select image file}}]][[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_click_continue.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_click_continue.png?200|Click 'continue'}}]][[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_select_drive.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_select_drive.png?200|Click 'Change' to select drives}}]][[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_drive_checked.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_drive_checked.png?200|Check drives to flash}}]][[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_flash.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_flash.png?200|Click 'Flash'}}]][[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_flash_complete.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:etcher_flash_complete.png?200|Flash successful!}}]]
+==== First Boot ====
+At this point, make sure your S100 system is turned off, insert the CF card in the CF→IDE adapter, and boot it up. When the SBC Monitor prompt has loaded, the 'P' command should boot into ZSOS. Click the thumbnail below to see a screenshot of a successful boot.
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos_firstboot.png|{{software:firmwareos:zsos:zsos_firstboot.png?200}}]]
+==== CP/M 3 Manuals ====
+The following CP/M 3 manual are available. Recommended for new users:
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:cpm3_users_guide.pdf|CP/M 3 User's Guide]]
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:cpm3_command_guide.pdf|CP/M 3 Command Guide]]
+Recommended for advanced users:
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:cpm3_programmers_guide.pdf|CP/M 3 Programmer's Guide]]
+[[https://retrobrewcomputers.org/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=software:firmwareos:zsos:cpm3_system_guide.pdf|CP/M 3 System Guide]]
+These manuals are also included in the ZSOS .zip distribution.
 ===== Adding additional files to the image =====
-To add additional files to the image in User Area 5 and/or 6:
+Additional files can be added to the image in User Area 8 and/or 9 by following the procedure below. For the purposes of this procedure, the 'version string' of the image is in the form ''%%zsos-x.yy%%'', where ''%%x.yy%%'' is the version number of the image. For ZSOS v0.30, the version string would be ''%%zsos-0.30%%''.
-Windows: Add the files to be added the folders '5' and/or '6'. Run 'addusersfiles.bat'.
+Windows
-Linux: Ensure you have the cpmtools package installed. Add the text in the diskdef-s100ide file to the top of the file /etc/cpmtools/diskdefs. Add the files to be added to the directories '5' and/or '6'. Run 'adduserfiles.sh'.
+Copy the files to be added to the CF card image to the folders '8' and/or '9' within the unzipped ZSOS distribution folder.
-A new files named 'zsos-0.10-02feb2016-extended.img' will be created. Write this image to a CF card.
+Open the Windows Command Prompt
-===== Where to get additional CP/M Software =====
+Change directories to the unzipped ZSOS distribution folder
-There is a huge archive of CP/M software at http://www.classiccmp.org/cpmarchives/
+Run 'addusersfiles.bat' with the 'version string' as a parameter. For example, for ZSOS v0.30, the command to run would be ''%%adduserfiles zsos-0.30%%''
-===== Forward Steps =====
+Linux
-Planned next steps for the ZSOS distribution include:
+Ensure you have the cpmtools package installed.
-Add support for additional logical CP/M drives on a single physical CF card, to expand storage beyond 8MB.
+Add the text in the diskdef-s100ide file to the top of the file /etc/cpmtools/diskdefs.
-Include additional software based on user feedback.
+Copy the files to be added to CF card image to the directories '8' and/or '9' within the unzipped ZSOS distribution directory.
-Create a banked version with a larger available TPA.
+Open a bash terminal
-===== Source Code & Development Environment =====
+Change directories to the uzipped ZSOS distribution directory.
-The ZSOS .zip file includes copies of all files that were modified from John M's original CP/M 3 files. For a description of the tools used to create these image files (without even having access to the Z80 SBC hardware!) see the [[software:firmwareos:zsos:devenv|ZSOS Development Environment page]]
+Run 'adduserfiles.sh' with the 'version string' as a parameter. For example, for ZSOS v0.30, the command to run would be ''%%./adduserfiles.sh zsos-0.30%%''
+New files named ''%%'zsos-x.yy-banked-extended.img%%''' and ''%%zsos-x.yy-nonbanked-extended%%''' will be created. Select either the nonbanked or banked image and proceed with the instructions above for writing to a CF card.
+===== Where to get additional CP/M Software =====
+There is a huge archive of CP/M software at http://www.classiccmp.org/cpmarchives/
 ===== References =====